Regulator for compressors.



No. 882,338. PATENTED MAR-.17, 1908. F. B. NORTON'& I. H. REYNOLDS.

REGULATOR FOR GOMPRESSORS.

APPLIOATIOH FILED MAR. 8, 1907.

@QN mum QM NM bmw QM INVENTORS M's gofim ii W Gm WITNES'ES UNITED sinrnsfarnnr onnion FRED E. NORTON AND IRVING H. REYNOLDS, OF YOUNGSTOWN,OHIO.

REGULATOR 330R GOMPEESSOLRS.

Nor assess.

Specification oiKLetters Patent.

Patented March 1'7, 1908.

Application filed March 8, 1907. Serial No. 361,239.

To all whom it may concern: l Be it known that we, l nen NORTON andInvnvc H! REYN-UL-DS, both oi Youngstown, Mahoning county, Ohio, haveinven )Cl 5 a new and useful" Regulator for Lompressors, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and on not description, reference being hadto the accompanying draw; 3g, forming part of this specification, inwhich the figure is a diagrammatic side. andsectional view 01 agascompressor embodying our invention.

Our invention relates to an improved sys tem of regulation for air orcompressors in which the'amount oi fluid compressed per stroke may bereduced, while the speed. of

the compressor is increased so that a constant amount of driving forcemay be made to deliver a constant amount of compressed gas.

he main object of our invention is to provide' a means of regulation forcompressors which are driven by means of motors which can only exert acertain limited amount of driving force, such as gas engines, electricmotors, water motors, steam engines, etc.

The invention is of peculiar benefit in the case of air com ressorsdriven by engines against a ,varia )le air pressure. The gas engine isable to deliver only slightly more work so per stroke than. its ratedeconomical amount, and for many purposes the average normal air pressureis far below the maximum rcquire-(1.

For blast furnace blowing engines, it has been customary to provide gasengine cylinders of a capacity greatly in excess of normal requirementsin order to meetthe demands at extraordinary pressure under ten1- poraryconditions which arise in the opera tion of blast furnaces.

further object of the invention is to se cure a diminished quantity ofdischarged air at the same time maintaining the compressor in motion ata speed suilicient to insure that the compressor shall not stop.

The present application is supplementary to the pending application ofFred Elmer Norton (one of the present applicants), Serial No. 311,033,filed A ril 11th, 1906, and embodies new 'and use" 1 modifications ofthe governing system described in that application. Tho accompanyingdrawing shows a com plete diagrammatic view oiono embodiment 55 of ourinvention, in which 1 is a motor cylinr der receiving a suitable workingfluid at 2,

the amount of which is controlled by a throttle valve 3, which isoperated by a speed governor 8, throu h a bell crank 7, rod 6, and arm5. The piston 15 of the motor cylinder, is connected by a piston rod 16to the iston 63 of the compressor cylinder 63, MM by a connecting rod 17to a crank 18 on the engine sha'i t 9. i

The compressor cylinder 63 is fitted with voluntary inlet valves 60, andwith outlet valves 61 and 61, controlling the admission of air and itsdischarge into pipe 62 in the way usual for compressors.

in addition to the inlet valves 60, 60", are the rolling valves 49, 49"which control the inlet ports 50, 51 and 50, 51*, respectively. Tl evalves 49 and 49 are driven by the arms 47 and 48 and by the rods 24*,24: from a crank 24 on a shaft 53, which, in turn, is driven from theengine shaft 9 by the gears 20, 21, 22 and 23. y

The gears 21 and 22 are mounted on swinging links 25, .26 and 27, sothat as the arm 27 rotates on the shaft 9 and the arm 25 rotates on theshe 't 53, the gears 20 and 21 are maintained in mesh by the link 27,the gears 21 and 22 by link 26, and the gears 22-and 23 by the link 25,

The link 26 is attached by a link 28 and a rod 28 to the piston 29 of ac'linder 30.

The cylinder 30 receives a su p of working fluid at 31 which is contro.led by valve 46? The valve 46* is actuated by a governor 44 through alink 55, bell crank 43, rod 43 and arm 46.

The link 26 is also attached to a rod .32 which is connected to a bellcrank 33, a rod 34 and spring 35 being connected to the other arm-ofthis bell-crank. The spring 35 is attached to the two governors 8 and{let by means of an adjusting screw 37 andhand wheel 36, out 39 andscrew 38. The screw 38 is suspcndedl'rom the governors S and 44 by thelinks 41 and 42. 100

14 is the slide valve for the cylinder 1, actuated by the connecting rod13, the rocker 12, and the crank 10 from the engine shaft 9.

The pistons 63 and 15 are shown in mid position, the motion ofthe crankis clockwise, and the pistons are moving to the right. The governormotor piston 30 is in mid stroke, and the valve 46 is closed, holdingthe piston in this position. The swinging links 25, 26 and 27 are alsoin mid position 110 and consequently the crank 24 is at its mid travelrelatively to the engine crank.

piston 29 to the leftand consequently the phase of the crank 2 1 inrelation to the main lowest position under full load conditions.

the-speed may be'flnade to increase in provvarythrough Wide limits.

"The spring 351s shown as acting on the in 62 is increased. The supply.oi working valve 3, but we will a a su l P 7 y i I l '5 .l he overnor 8shou d ieieraol be ver Y a y .3

'very insensitive to secnreproper relative aon the position shown, it isass girned that the supply of Working fluid admitted to cylinder 1 justsul'li'cient to n'iaintain the C0111 pressor in motion at speeddetermined by governor 8 against the discharge pressure in thecompressor. The crank 24 has just closed the port 51, by means of thevalve 49 andthe piston 63 is just about to begin to compress the. air orgas in the cylinder 63 The previous part of the StI'Ol'ZG of the piston63 has simply pushed the air back tl'irough ports 51 and Withoutcoinoressing' it" enough to lift valves 61 against the dischargepressure. The compressor is therefore only delivering half the aircorresponding to displacement of piston Consider now that the dischargepressure iluid adniitted by throttle, 3 will. be insuli cient tomaintain the speed, and the govern one 8 and 4.4 will i-all. Th governor8 will open v sine that the supply of working: fluid is already at itsmaximum and therefore cylinder} cannot restore the s eed. The governor el-will admit fluid to. tie cylinder 30 in such a Way as to force theIll-IS 25, 26 and 27 will roll the gears 21 and 22 onthe gears 20 and 23in such Way to turn the gear 23 to the right in relation to the crankpin18. As the gear'23 and pin '24 are rotating to the lettercounterclockwise, this motion. corresponds to a? retardation of crank18. The time of closing of the valve 49 will therefore be retarded andhence less air will be compressed piston 63 during its stroke. Themotion or the link 26 to the left will increase the tension on spring 35and hence the governors 3 and td will "be loaded. and the speed mustincrease in order to raise them. If the snpcl Y of working fluid issufiicient, the speed will, increase until the governor 8 raisessufficiently to throttle the sensitive, While the governor 44 should beti on. Thegovern'or '4 should run at its highest position, whilegovernor 8 runs at its The efiect of increasing the pressure in. pipe 62is to reduce the Work done by piston 63' per stroke and the same time toin crease the speedof compressor, By a suitable adjustment of thespring35,

ortion as'the displacement of the piston 63 1s: reduced, so that thequantity per minute discharged by. cylinder 63* may remain con-. stant,although-the pressure in pipe 62 may center of the screw 38. andconsequently loads both governors 8 and 4A alike. Sup- I motor governoris loaded in proportion:

engine crank 18 and "cause a uuninished effcctivc displacement oi piston63. The governor 8 will be unloaded and will rise, thus throttling thesupply of fluid to cylinder 1 and diminish the speed of the compressor.a suitable proportio'n'of the arts, the el .fective displacement of:iston 6 may be reduced to zero, While th A compressor may be maintained.at any desired speed. This speed may be adjuste jby'rneans of hand Wheel36 and screWB'Z acting to vary the tension 'on spring 35.

moving the nut39 to the left, the

speed of the compressor may also be inreased and the er'ioctivedisplacement of piston 63 also beincreased if the supply of fluid tocylinder 1 is suilicient to maintain the speed against the increaseddischarge. With the .nut 39 in' central position, shown, the compressormay be made to deliver a constant quantity of air to pipe 62 a ainst avariable ressure and with a variable supply of working fluidto cylinder1.

The drawing shows niotorcylinder suitable. for Water, steam or otherfluid, but it is evident that thegovernor 8 may be attached to a gasengine, electric motor or other source of power. p

The .form of compressor and the governor and their connections are alsosubject to modification, but the method of controlling the discharge ofair by means of supplementary inlet valves is preferred, for the reasonsset forth in copending application of Fred E. Norton, Serial No.311,033. This method of control ol discharge is, however, not essentialto this system.

The method of ch singing the phaserelation .of the inlet valves ispreferred, but this may also be done by a fly Wheel governor or any ofthe usual mechanisms commonly crnployed for this purpose.

"We clairnz- 1. In a regulatin apparatus for com-pressors, a compressormotor, a governor controlling the rnoto'r, a governor controlling thecompressor, and mechanism herebv' the v the compressor governor unloadsthe compressor so as to maintain constant discharge of the compressor;substantially as described.

- 2. In a regulating a paratus for compress- I ors, a governor for t ecompressor motor, and a compressor governor with intercom nectedmechanism to load the motor gov ernor as the compressor is unloadedsubstan ially as described.

v3. In an air compressor, an inlet valve, mechanism for shifting theposition of the valve, a governor for controlling the shiftingmechanism, a compressor motor, a governor for the motor, a loadingconnection between thetwo governors and means for loading the motorgovernor as the compressor is unloaded; substantially as described.

4. In an air compressor, a main inletvalve, an auxiliary I inlet valve,mechanism for shifting the position of the auxiliary valve, a governorfor controlling the shifting mechanism, a compressor motor, a governorfor the motor, a loading connection between the two governors, and meansfor loading the motor governor as the compressor is unloaded;substantially as described.

5. In an air compressor, an inlet valve, mechanism for shifting saidvalve, a governor for controlling the shifting mechanism, a compressormotor, a governor for said motor, and a connection between the valveshifting mechanism and both governors; substantially as described. y

6. In a regulating apparatus for compressors, connections from theunloading mechanism of the compressor, and connections to the motor andcompressor governor to ad.- just the load on the motor governor and onthe compressor governor in anydesired ratio; substantially as described.

7. In an air compressor, an inlet valve, shifting mechanism for saidvalve, a governor for controlling the shifting mechanism, a compressormotor, a governor for said motor, and connections to both governors foradjusting the load thereon in any desired ratio; substantially asdescribed. a

8. In a com )ressor having main and auxiliary inlet va ves, a compressormotor, a speed governor for the motor, a governing .device for theauxiliary valves, and means whereby the relative loads on the twogovernors may be varied; substantially as described.

9. In a compressor having main and auxiliary inlet valves, a compressormotor, a speed governor therefor, a crank actuated from the engine shaftfor actuating the auxiliary inlet valves, and a governor and actuatingconnections for varying the phase relation of said crank with respect tothe main crank of the engine; substantially as described.

10. In a compressor having a main and an auxiliary inlet valve, acompressor motor, a speed governor therefor, connections from the mainmotor shaft for operating the auxiliary valve, a motive device forcontrolling the operation of said connections, and a governor forcontrolling the motive device; substantially as described.

11. In a compressor having a main and an auxiliary inlet valve, acompressor motor, a

's eed governor therefor, connections from e motor shaft for operatingthe auxiliary valve, a motive device for controlling the operation ofsaid connections, a governor for controlling the motive device, meansoperated by the said motive device for loading the said governors, andmeans whereby the load may be unequally varied betwccnthe governors;substantially as described.

13. A compressor having main and auxiliary valves, connections from themain shaft for operating the auxiliary valves, ineluding a shiftablecrank, a motive device for shifting said crank, and a governor forcontrolling the motive device, together with connections from the motivedevice for vary ing the load on the governor; substantially asdescribed.

14. In a compressor, a compressor motor, an inlet valve, connectionsfrom the motor shaft for actuating the valve, said connections includinga crank, a motive device for shifting the phase relation of the crank, agovernor for controlling the motive device, and means controlled by themotive device for loading the governors; substantially as described.

In testimony whereofnve have hereunto set our hands.

FRED E. NORTON. IRVING 'H. REYNOLDS. Witnesses:

N. J. FELLows, W. H.'ASHBAUGH.

